Is The Civil War Over - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1193 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/05/18 Category History Essay Level High school Topics: Civil War Essay War Essay Did you like this example? Wars have been happening existing since the beginning of humanity. The 20th century includes many major wars since the beginning of time which are the two world wars and many other wars which resulted in millions of deaths. The second world war alone resulted in 60 million casualties (Berthon). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Is The Civil War Over?" essay for you Create order In addition, the 20th century also includes the Lebanese civil war (1975) which started when the Israel government sent thousands of refugees to Lebanon, and that resulted in a dilemma between the Christians and the Palestinians on Lebanese soil(citation). However, that is only one of the reasons that led to the war. Wars usually start after piling up many problems and conflicts. The Muslims became allies with the Palestinians which resulted in the separation of Beirut, between East and West. The Eastern part of Lebanon was occupied by the Christians and the Western part of Lebanon was occupied by the Muslims. This war resulted in dividing Lebanon into 18 sects creating many unsolved political conflicts. This civil war has had and still has a big impact (directly and indirectly) on the Lebanese families. Hence, this essay aims to shed some light on the effect of the Lebanese civil war on my mother and the rest of the citizens, socially, psychologically, and economically. My mother Wafaa was born in an area in Mount Lebanon called Abey on November 28, 1964, 11 years before the Lebanese civil war begun. She has four older sisters and one younger brother. Her father, the owner of a furniture gallery in Beirut and her mother, a housewife that took care of her children. My mother and her siblings risked their lives to get an education even while living in a country was under attack. There were days, where they had to miss school due to the exacerbation of the situation in the city of Beirut. During the war, dozens of the Palestinians took refuge in the entrance of my grandparents building, leaving my mother and her family scared every time they wanted to enter or exit the building. In Lebanon, every building has an underground safe house, and thats where they hid most of the time. Some days, they got stuck in the safe house for a long period of time that could last up to days. The war had a huge impact on my mother, it made her a stronger person. This war hit the whole society, many people dropped out of school to join armed forces, the level of education decreased, public transports also decreased, degradation of public health services, increase of drug and alcohol abuse, and last but not least, increase of suicide rate. In addition, there were days where water was not found, had to be bought for basic necessities like shower and laundry. Adding to that, the electricity would go out most of the time leaving them with candles as their only source of light. Moreover, citizen who owned a car had to wait sometimes for hours so that they can refill their tanks because they dont know when the gas stations are going to run out fuel. Dividing Lebanon between East and West had a big impact on peoples lives. Each side had their own businesses like schools, beaches, and shopping centers. Muslims lived in the west part of Beirut, they had hotels, restaurants, and a shopping boulevard like Hamra and Mazraa. They also had schools and universities that stayed open, and foreign embassies did not change their location from West Beirut. Renting an apartment got twelve times more expensive than before the war, and people could not afford it. East Beirut was occupied by the Christians. It was a residential area with apartments and a house for the middle and working-class people. The east side got destroyed by the bombings and shooting. The social life was not popular in the west Beirut. My mother and siblings used to cross the borders to watch movies and get their groceries. People on the East side of Beirut where not allowed cross the borders, so my mother had to cross the border every time she wanted to see her Christian f riends. The war also had an impact on people in a psychological manner. Many people lost their loved ones during the war which left them full of rage and ready for revenge. In addition, many individuals experienced traumatic events such as having someone put a gun to your head or your loved ones head. Not to forget the rape that was happening during the war and the torture that messed up peoples lives. Moreover, many friends and families got separated especially when they built borders between the East side of Beirut and the West side. This separation created tension and hate between Christians and Muslims, which did not end when the war ended. Moreover, during the war my mothers uncle got shot in the shoulder right in front of her. She was frightened and had a breakdown and kept having nightmares for a while; she had some days where she wakes up screaming in the middle of the night. She was only 18 years old when this happened. In addition, the war had many other implications on citizens me ntal health. Many citizens experienced traumas which caused depression, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, becoming overprotective parents, anger etc. The war has not only affected my mother and all the people that experienced this war but also myself and the rest of people who were born after the war ended. That is because it is still affect the country politically, and because of how our parents fear of wars affected us. Finally, the economy in Lebanon dropped tremendously during the civil war. After the invasion of Israel in 1982, the Lebanese Pound began to decline, that was due to the political instability and regional recession of oil-producing countries. The Pound dropped by 80 percent against the dollar, which made it difficult for the citizens to pay their rents, buy food, and get health insurance (Nakhoul). However, many foreign funding was entering the country in huge amounts to fund the rebels or the opposition movement (the different militias in Lebanon). Moreover, during the first 19 months of the war (1975-1976), the country witnessed a widespread destruction of the infrastructure and services, especially in Beirut (https://countrystudies.us/lebanon/69.htm) As a conclusion, people say that the civil war is over, and that it has not affect the citizens anymore. However, that is not true, the civil war still affects ever Lebanese citizen whether they were born during the war or not. This war has created 18 political sects in Lebanon, which created many political conflicts and hate among citizens. Each sect is greedy to have as many spots as possible in the Parliament or the Ministry. For instance, a few years ago Lebanon did not have a president for two years because of the disagreement among politicians. The civil war destroyed Lebanon in many ways, it left unrecoverable scares in peoples hearts, and thousands of people died and lost their homes. Up until today, these political conflicts have not end, and the people of Lebanon are still living the consequences of the war and nothing has been done to fix it.

Discrimination of Italian Immigrants in American History...

Discrimination of Italian Immigrants in American History Fear is a great motivator in man. In the 1920s, immigrants were coming over to the United States in mass quantities. Most of these immigrants were from Southern or Eastern Europe, parts of Asia and Mexico. Because these groups differed in culture, race, and religion from the majority of White Americans, as the immigrant population increased, so did hostility and displeasure towards them. Italians made up 11.8%, or 550,460 immigrants between the years of 1920 and 1930 (Historical Statistics, 456). These people received an extraordinary amount of dislike as they differed from white America in so many ways. When people began immigrating to America at the rate of five thousand†¦show more content†¦Organizations such as the Ku Klux Klan became much more prevalent during the 1920s, growing as large as 10 million members across the country. These groups exploited racist and xenophobic tendencies in Americans to induce people to join. They used such phrases in their propagand a like â€Å"America for Americans† that caught on quickly with a vast number of people (Byrne). Racism was one of the main causes of animosity towards Italians in America during the 1920s. Italians typically had darker skin that â€Å"old stock† Americans such as the English, German, and Dutch, so they were subject to much of the same discrimination faced in African-American, Asian- American, and Latino-American communities (Levinson 475). Anti-Catholic sentiment was another basis for hostility towards Italian immigrants. Julia Byrne, in her article â€Å"Roman Catholics and the American Mainstream in the Twentieth Century† noted: Anti-Catholic prejudice was alive and even rejuvenated in some quarters in the twentieth century. Protestant fundamentalists and other new Christian denominations revived anti-Catholicism as part of an insistence on original, pre-Rome Christianity. Americans, goaded on by hate groups, feared that Catholics would pay allegiance to their â€Å"foreign King† (the Pope) rather than their new country (Pencak, 110). Although there was a strong argument for this, as much of the Italian immigrantShow MoreRelatedChinese Immigrant Lee Chew Denounces Prejudice In America1708 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Chinese Immigrant Lee Chew Denounces Prejudice in America, 1882† A Comprehensive view of Discrimination in Nineteenth Century America In â€Å"Chinese Immigrant Lee Cew Denounces Prejudice in America, 1882†, we read the account of Chinese immigrant Lee Chew who, writing in 1882, finds himself discontented with the treatment he endures as an immigrant from China. Lee Chew’s experience was not unique; the Chinese immigration experience was one that was marked by discrimination and general exploitationRead More Italian Immigration and the United States of America Essay1711 Words   |  7 PagesItalian Immigration and the United States of America Today we live in a world of which some have come to understand where it all came from. So many different little contributions have accumulated over the years to create â€Å"today† in the United States of America. Not one factor is more important than the next, however, some have had a larger, lasting impact today. Immigration and racial discrimination have played the most important role as to why American society has altered. In 1917 America enteredRead MoreThe Madonna Of 115th Street : Faith And Community909 Words   |  4 PagesIn the novel, The Madonna of 115th Street: Faith and Community in Italian Harlem , the author, Robert A. 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I picked Italian Americans, they were a group of people, that they call them immigrants came here to have a better life for their families to make sure they were able to get the opportunity to have a chance to a better lifeRead MoreCivil Liberties And The Government Of The United States1178 Words   |  5 Pagesrequire much less openness, secrecy, and limitations on civil rights and liberties. Throughout history there have been times were large numbers of individuals have experienced political discrimination and have had great difficulty exercising their civil liberties. Ethnic minority groups, and immigrants have been among the most targeted by the government in times of crisis. Under conditions of war, American civil libe rties and political participation are usually curtailed and violated in many ways byRead MoreRace, Gender, And Class1501 Words   |  7 Pagesback in the day until modern times. Immigrants play such an important role in American History. People from different countries arrive to â€Å"The New World†, searching for freedom, power, land, and a better life. It is a very interesting topic for me, since I immigrate to this country as well, searching for the American Dream just as anybody else. However, after so many years I always wonder, is it really worth it to sacrifice injustices and hate against immigrants, are we willing to leave everythingRead MoreAfrican Americans During The Civil War1211 Words   |  5 Pages the US economy grew exponentially, wealthy business owners like Rockefeller and Vanderbilt built American cities and railroads, and immigrants from all over the world flooded into the country. However, during this period America also faced great amount of poverty, terrible working conditions, mass political corruptions, and a destruction of civil rights for African Americans, women, and immigrants. 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PAIN Essay Example For Students

PAIN Essay He looks through the scope of his rifle, concentrating, looking. He feels pain, sorrow. A tear streams down his face and thinks to himself that this has to happen. He feels rage rush through him, that feeling that he gets when he forgets to take his medication. Josh is only fifteen. His father bought him this hunting rifle when he was twelve. He would remember those times when his father was drunk and would beat him mercilessly for hours on end. Such rage streams through in a steady flow. He doesnt know why he is doing this, he cant think, all he knows is the feeling in his head. The pain is so intense. He needs to relieve it, to allow his mind to feel the normal serenity again. He aims at the school yard, such small kids so innocent. They play together; the smiles and laughter are filling the air. One of them wont go home tonight; the parents will feel the pain that once existed in him. Anger. He feels the tears start to come in a torrent. He holds the trigger tight. At this climax of pain, as the feeling comes to the point where he cant live anymore, he squeezes the trigger. He feels the pain go through his finger into the rifle. The bullet soars with the pain. The relief is instant. The young child of only seven years old falls to the ground. Screams, pain, suffering, enters the lives of the people in the school yard. People duck and cry. As his anger subsides, he slowly lowers the rifle. The calm serenity enters his mind. He is his normal self again. In his room he places his rifle in his closet. He feels that he can eat and sleep now, and he slowly drifts into sleep. He dreams heavily. He knows they are around him, and that he will soon be caught. The police are having their suspicions. He wakes up, sweat engulfs his body, and the wave of fear slowly subsides. His father falls into the small room in their trailer. Drunk again and looking to hit someone. He knows whats coming and feels that new wave of frustration. So many feelings, so many feelings. His father asks where he was that day, and he refuses to respond, which is followed by the usual beatings. No one is there to protect him, or to alleviate his pain. As his father leans over, breathing a strong stench of whisky, aimlessly hitting him again and again with the recently emptied bottle. With one final blow to the head, he feels himself fall into a deep sleep of unconsciousness. It was three oclock in the morning when his father woke up. He felt his inner fluids starting to seep up into his throat. He doesnt remember anything from that night, and he doesnt think for a second that his son is standing there with a rifle to his head looking for revenge. He sees the tears streaking his sons face and never for a second thinks why. He says, in a low tone, to put the rifle down or he will be punished. His brain starts to feel the intensity of the pain. He lets the gun drift a little to the right to allow his father to get a full view of his face. Through his tears and pain he says what his father has done, and that he cannot live with this anymore. His father jumps to show his son who is the boss in the family, and that is the last thought of his life. He runs, runs with all his might, rifle in hand with a full magazine in his pocket. It was nine in the morning on that last bright June day, as Josh assumes his normal position by the school yard. This pain is like n one other, this pain cannot die. He knows this is the end. He cant think for himself anymore, the pain becomes him; the tranquil part of him ceases to exist. The aim is perfect, the targets there. They are his relief, but this is the end. The yard is being watched by more than him through the scope of their guns. They know he is there. Ten kids fall in the yard that day, and not one of them survived, but the pain doesnt exist anymore. He motionlessly lies in the yard with the victims. His body is torn with 9mm bullets. He feels no pain, he is dead. They look at his body and the body of the others, and cry. His pain still exists in them; in the families of many. The many police who have shot him sit by the bodies of the young including him and wonder, why? And that is where the real peace comes, when somebody is there asking, wondering, why?

There are many problems that face the US Essays - Demography

There are many problems that face the U.S. right now. In most of the recent presidential primary debates, there is a question on what the candidates will do about illegal immigration. The candidate's proposed solutions range from complete amnesty to shipping all illegals back to where they came from. Illegal immigration is a growing problem in America. There are many reasons that illegal immigration is a problem, and as usual what the government has tried to do to solve the problem has just made the situation worse. However there are a few things that can be done to help solve the problem of illegal immigration. Illegal immigration is a problem in this country. The fact is that most illegals do not or will not speak English. The chancellor of the University of California at Berkley, Chang Lin-Tin, says that by the year 2050 most Americans will be able to trace their roots to Latin America, Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and the Pacific Islands. However, before Mr. Chang's vision can come to pass, the United States will have at least 2 official languages. America would have to have two official languages for the immigrants to be able to function in society. It is impossible to even buy groceries without knowing English. However, there are several flaws to this idea, the first of which is that not speaking English goes against the purpose of immigrating to America. The purpose of immigrating to America is to become an American. This means that immigrants must adapt to America's way of life, not the other way around. This includes learning English. The whole idea of providing bilingual schooling and such to people who do not speak English does not make sense. If immigrants want to fit into society, they need to change their ways to fit that society, not make the society change to fit them. Still another problem with the idea of two official languages is that it is illogical. The whole purpose of having an official language is so that everyone can communicate and function in society. Having two official languages will completely ruin this system and the country. The U.S. would be split up into two almost separate countries. There would be the English speaking part of the country, and then there would be the Spanish speaking part. Neither of these parts would be able to interact with each other unless everyone knew both languages, and that goes against logic, as everyone would need to learn a new language instead of just the immigrants. In order to exist in peace amongst each other, immigrants should be required to learn English in order to live in the United States. It doesnt make sense for Americans to tip toe around immigrants and change our life style to make it easier for them. Learning English would show dedication and unveil how greatly each immigrant truly desires to live in the United States.

The Effect of Retail Store on Students

Huntingtons Disease

Huntingtons Disease Free Online Research Papers After examining the effects of the disorder, it is easy to understand what a disease like Huntington’s will to do to an individual’s quality of life. Imagine being 30 years old with a good job, a loving spouse, maybe a couple of kids and an all around pretty good life. Then imagine one day your boss writes you up and sends you home because he/she suspects you of being intoxicated. A person in this situation could, in months and years to come, learn from a simple blood test that he/she is the victim of a genetic disorder called Huntington’s Disease. The ramifications of this illness are endless and affect not only the individual with the disorder but entire families and communities as well. At this time there is no cure or even any significantly effective treatment (Society 2006). However, as with many genetic disorders, research is being done in this day in age that may promise to one day lead us to such treatment or cure. Huntington’s Disease (hereafter called HD) is a degenerative brain disorder that was named in 1872 after Dr. George Huntington who first illustrated its effects. It is estimated that  ¼ million people either have the disease or will develop it in their lifetime. In other words, 1 in 10,000 people will be afflicted. It has been documented to affect as many people worldwide as Hemophilia, Cystic Fibrosis or Muscular Dystrophy (Society 2006). The HD gene is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion which means that any person who receives the mutated gene will eventually have the disorder. This also means that males and females have an equal chance of inheriting the gene. Also, the gene does not stop at any racial or ethnic boundaries so people are at risk worldwide. The short arm of human chromosome #4 is where the HD gene has been mapped to. It was located in 1993 and offers a definitive test to determine if someone is at risk. The actual mutation is a trinucleotide repeat o f CAG (Cytosine, Adenine, Guanine). The greater the number of repeats, the more severe the disease. In a normal person, there are 35 or fewer CAG repeats. People with 36-39 may or may not be afflicted. Those with 40 or more repeats will almost certainly develop HD (Society 2006). Because HD is a degenerative disease, the effects show up gradually within a person’s phenotype. Since many areas of the brain can be affected, the early symptoms can vary from person to person, and they range from cognitive to motor function to emotional difficulties. Family members or friends may first notice an affected individual exhibiting depression, mood swings, forgetfulness, clumsiness, involuntary twitching and social withdrawal. As the disease progresses, one might lose his capacity to concentrate and remember things in the short term. Extreme irritability, loss of organization, slurred speech and problems with swallowing and walking are also severe symptoms of HD. Eventually, a person with the disease will need constant care (Society 2006). The age of onset is pretty standard for HD. Most individuals first exhibit signs between 30 and 45 years of age. Generally people live 10 to 25 years after learning they are affected. Because of the effects of HD, most people don’t die specifically from the disease but rather from choking, pneumonia or heart failure once they are severely incapacitated. Since there is not yet any form of treatment, early diagnosis would not make a difference for those with HD. In fact, some people who know they may be at risk elect not to be tested (Society 2006). Although the outlook for people today with HD may look grim, significant research into treatments is underway. Some modes of therapy available today are botox injections used to calm involuntary twitching in facial muscles as well as occupational and physical therapy to offset motor function problems and speech therapy for those who find it hard to communicate (Society 2006). As far as pending research is concerned, the Huntington’s disease Society of America (HDSA) is one of the leading groups who are pioneering new ways to look at the genomic and molecular levels of HD. Some areas of their research include examination of: 1) the energy needed in the cell mitochondria of HD patients, 2) the folding of the huntingtin protein (the protein expressed by the area of chromosome 4 linked to the disease) and how it makes the cell unable to dispose of the mutated strain, and 3) the way huntingtin works in normal people versus the affected with the mutated huntingtin protein (Society 2 006). A fairly recent and exciting discovery of doctors associated with HDSA suggests a correlation between degenerative diseases like Huntington’s and cancer. Although they might seem very different at first glance because cancer is characterized by cells that divide too rapidly while HD causes neurons (which aren’t designed to divide) to die, new research shows that the same signal that causes these cancer cells to divide may make brain cells degrade (Marker 2005). Yet another possible similarity between cancer and HD involves p53, a tumor suppressor that is created by the body which regulates cell division. In a person with cancer, this tumor suppressor is mutated and allows cells to divide uncontrollably. Some scientists believe that the mutated huntingtin protein could actually over activate p53 and cause brain cells in affected people to slowly die (Marker 2005). The last piece of research to be discussed here are the recent findings of Dr. Robert Friedlander. He found that a certain enzyme created in the body called caspase-1 which kills off mutated cells in a normal human being may be over activated in HD patients causing the enzyme to kill healthy brain cells (Association 2006). Dr. Friedlander found that he could diminish the function of caspase-1with an antibiotic called Minocycline, and in turn he could delay the onset and the progression of the effects of HD in mice (Chen 2000). As one can see, Huntington’s is a truly debilitating and emotionally straining disease. It affects people across the globe in every portion of their daily life. Not unlike many diseases today such as Parkinson’s, afflicted people become 100% dependent on loved ones or medical professionals for activities of daily living once they have progressed to the final stages of HD. We can only hope that some of the research outlined in this paper, or possibly scientific breakthroughs to come, might one day lead to successful treatment. Research Papers on Huntington's DiseaseGenetic EngineeringThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsCapital PunishmentThree Concepts of PsychodynamicMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeEffects of Television Violence on Children19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

Sexual studies biology assignment 2 (another persos assignment) Essay

Sexual studies biology assignment 2 (another persos assignment) - Essay Example This was done through a systematic analysis of various articles concerned with the incidence, pathophysiology, and treatment of antidepressant-associated sexual dysfunction (Higgins 141). Management of sexual dysfunction through medical assessments has been deemed to be one of the most important steps in addressing the problem. This may include the following: eliminate other potential factors for sexual dysfunction (e.g. alcohol, age, substance abuse); exclude the effects of using medications other than antidepressants (e.g. diabetes management medications, cardiovascular system medications, nervous system disorder treatments); and exclusion of the residual effects of depression or the use of anti-depression drugs (Higgins 146). Once all factors have been ruled out and the effects of the antidepressants still persist as the main cause of sexual dysfunction, possible options for patients can include gradual reduction of antidepressant dosage, replacement or switching of antidepressant s from SSRI to non-SSRI, adjunct drug treatment or the use of drugs to counteract side-effects, not using antidepressant drugs a day before engaging in sexual activity, or undergoing cognitive behavioral therapies (CBT) using a combination of biological and psychosocial approaches in dealing with and understanding the mechanics of sexual dysfunction (148). ... Sexual dysfunction is a very sensitive topic, and as such must be tackled as holistically and as open-mindedly as possible, both by the patients as well as the professionals that they work with. It is very important that patients are fully-informed about the possible causes of sexual dysfunction and how these issues can be addressed, especially when the patients are taking antidepressants or using other kinds of drugs. This is because there is a high possibility that they feel less empowered as a result of accepting that they have lower sexual drive as well as their battles against depression, and they may not be fully aware of the possible connection for this, let alone it being common among users of antidepressants. This article is able to provide important details on how to handle sexual dysfunction while taking antidepressants, as it has been mentioned that individuals may respond differently to the treatments enumerated. Also, it also serves as a reminder that not all mental ill nesses depend on pharmacological therapies alone as there are some other ways to cope with this problem, and that by reducing the dependence on drugs that could possibly inhibit sexual responses, patients have greater chances of improving their sex lives simply through adjustments of medications or behavior. Mental health specialists and clinicians can benefit from this article by providing their patients with alternative solutions in addressing either or both issues of depression or of sexual dysfunction as a result of the use of antidepressants, and in effect can give a chance for patients to have access to a better sexual health as a result of a few changes in their anti-depression